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ABSTRACT

 

This study was to identify the type of instructional materials used in teaching and learning of Economics in government secondary school in Enugu East Local Government Area of Enugu State. Three research questions guided the study. The study adopted two theories cognitive learning theory and motivational theory. Five government secondary school were sampled for the study. The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire, which was developed and administered to both teachers and students. The data from their responses were analyzed, using statistical mean. They result of the study revealed that there are inadequate and inappropriate instructional materials used in teaching and learning of Economics. The study also revealed that the teachers are  not using computer, whiteboard, internet, audio cassette when teaching Economics, rather they made use of locally produces instructional materials such as textbooks chalkboard, pictures, chart, map etc. The benefits of instructional material were also discussed from the finding, which includes making the lesson clear and easy to understand, enhancing the achievement of instructional objectives and helping students to understand some abstract concepts. Some of the problems associated with the use of instructional materials were also revealed which include lack of funds, improper storage facilities, lack of technical skill and high cost of instructional materials. It is therefore recommended that government should provide adequate instructional materials for teaching and learning of Economic in government secondary schools in Enugu East local Government Area.

Description

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE                                                                                    i

APPROVAL PAGE                                                                          ii

CERTIFICATION                                                                                      iii

DEDICATION                                                                                  iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS                                                              v

TABLES OF CONTENTS                                                                vi

ABSTRACT                                                                                     viii

 

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study                                                                          1

Statement of the problem                                                                  4

Significance of Study                                                                        6

Purpose of Study                                                                              7

Scope of the Study                                                                            7

Research Question                                                                                      8

 

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

Conceptual Framework                                                                    9

Theoretical Framework                                                                     10

Empirical Studies                                                                                       10

Summary of Literature Review                                                                   10

 

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design                                                                                37

Area of Study                                                                                   37

Population of Study                                                                          38

Sample and Sampling Techniques                                                    38

Instrument for Data Collection                                                                   38

Validation and Reliability of Instrument                                           39

Administration of Data                                                                     39

Method Data Analysis                                                                      40

 

CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS DATA

Research Question one                                                                      41

Research Question two                                                                     43

Research Question three                                                                             46

CHAPTER FIVE:

Discussion of Finds Conclusions, Recommendation,

Educational Implication, limitations, Suggestion for Further Studies

and Summary                                                                                   48

Discuss of Findings                                                                           48

Recommendation                                                                              53

Limitation of the Study                                                                     53

Suggestions for further  study                                                                    54

Summary                                                                                          55

Conclusion                                                                                        56

References                                                                                         57

Questionnaire

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Education has been considered to be the cornerstone for development. According to Federal Republic of Nigeria (2010). Education forms the basis for literacy, skills acquisition ability, teaching achievement and ability to harness human and material resources towards the achievement of societal goals. In Nigeria today there is high demand for education because of this effective contributionsin the overall development.

Subsequently, many subjects are studied at different levels of institution in Nigeria towards realizing the goal of education. Economics is one of the subjects offered in post primary school. It is important to both students and society because it cuts across all spheres of human endeavour. It is a subject concerned with the effective utilization or management of limited resources, for the purpose of attaining the maximum satisfaction of human wants.

Achala (2014) states that Economics is associated with scarcity and choice.   He defines Economics as social science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses. This means that economic as a science which helps man to understand and manage his scarce resources, in order to meet his numerous needs.

Economics education in senior secondary school is expected to equip the students with fundamental area of intellectual training, vocational skills, cultures, values, citizenship, training tools for the analysis of situation and natural interest for developments. But the optimal achievement on the above goals, or objectives, depends on the appropriate application of instructional material.

Instructional materials are device that help in the effective teaching and leaving and help the teacher to achieve his or her specific objectives. Instructional materials are significant teaching and learning tools which helps the students to comprehend, retain and apply the knowledge acquired to attain the educational objectives. It is essential materials needed for teaching and learning of school subjects to promote teachers efficiency and improve students’ performance.

It also make learning more vivid, logical, realistic and pragmatic. Economics deals with concept and abstract ideas, the use of appropriate instructional materials go a long way to up-grade the learning experience and facilitates understanding. On the contrary non-use or inappropriate use of instructional materials is capable of jeopardizing the entire instructional objectives.

Achala (2014), states that economic teaching need concrete objects when teaching, for example if a topic like money is to be taught, the teacher needs to show the students the currency ,both notes and coins and their demonstration, in order to retain the topic in their memory.

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter discussed related literature’s under the following sub- heading Conceptual framework, Theoretical framework, Empirical studies, Summary of   literature review.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

  • Concept of education.
  • The concept of Economics.
  • Concept of instructional materials.
  • Teaching and learning of Economics.
  • Teaching and learning with technology.
  • Classification/types of instructional materials.

(visual resources, audio resources and audio usual resources

  • Criteria for selecting instructional materials for teaching and learning of Economics.
  • The importance of instructional material used in teaching and learning of Economic.
  • Problems associated with the instructional materials used in teaching and learning of Economics.

 

Theoretical Frame Work

  • cognitive  learning theory
  • Motivational theory

Empirical Review

Summary of Literature Review

CONCEPT OF EDUCATION

The concept of education is a controversial concept just like every other concept of humanities and social sciences. This means that education has many definitions depending on the context of a phrase, sentences or story. Just as we have many educationist, so also we have many definitions of education.

According to Nwigwe (2013), education in its technical sense is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills and values from one generation to another. He further stated that education is the process of imparting and acquiring knowledge and training, to grow ones intellectual and mental capabilities so as to make mature decision in different situation.

Paralkimili (2012), Education is a systematic process through which a child or an adult acquired knowledge, experience and sound attitude. According to him, the goal of education is to make an individual perfect.

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